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средства_программирования_shell [2020/05/22 08:17] val [Дополнительные материалы] |
средства_программирования_shell [2024/06/19 09:05] val [Использование диалоговых окон] |
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* [[http://mywiki.wooledge.org/BashFAQ|Часто задаваемые вопросы про bash (eng)]] | * [[http://mywiki.wooledge.org/BashFAQ|Часто задаваемые вопросы про bash (eng)]] | ||
* [[https://habrahabr.ru/post/335960/|Играючи BASH'им]] | * [[https://habrahabr.ru/post/335960/|Играючи BASH'им]] | ||
+ | * [[https://unix.stackexchange.com/questions/159513/what-are-the-shells-control-and-redirection-operators|What are the shell's control and redirection operators?]] | ||
+ | |||
* [[https://youtu.be/GxVmukxVUo0|Видео урок]] | * [[https://youtu.be/GxVmukxVUo0|Видео урок]] | ||
+ | |||
* [[https://www.tutorialspoint.com/execute_bash_online.php|Execute Bash Shell Online]] | * [[https://www.tutorialspoint.com/execute_bash_online.php|Execute Bash Shell Online]] | ||
+ | * [[https://www.shellcheck.net/|ShellCheck finds bugs in your shell scripts.]] | ||
+ | |||
+ | ===== Проверка синтаксиса ===== | ||
+ | |||
+ | * [[https://www.shellcheck.net/wiki/]] | ||
+ | |||
+ | <code> | ||
+ | # apt install shellcheck | ||
+ | |||
+ | $ shellcheck webd/webd | ||
+ | </code> | ||
===== Переменные окружения ===== | ===== Переменные окружения ===== | ||
Line 66: | Line 80: | ||
==== Целочисленный цикл (поиск хостов в подсети) ==== | ==== Целочисленный цикл (поиск хостов в подсети) ==== | ||
+ | |||
+ | * [[Утилита nmap#Ping диапазона адресов с verbose и debug]] | ||
+ | |||
<code> | <code> | ||
$ cat test_ping.sh | $ cat test_ping.sh | ||
Line 71: | Line 88: | ||
#!/bin/sh | #!/bin/sh | ||
- | test -z $1 && exit 1 | + | #test -z $1 && exit 1 |
+ | #[ "$1" ] || { echo Example: ./test_ping.sh 10.5.11; exit 1; } | ||
i=1 | i=1 | ||
Line 77: | Line 95: | ||
do | do | ||
test $i = 50 && continue | test $i = 50 && continue | ||
- | ping -c 1 -W 1 $1.$i > /dev/null 2>&1 && echo $1.$i | + | ping -c 1 -W 1 $1.$i > /dev/null 2>&1 && echo $1.$i || echo No $i |
i=$(($i + 1)) | i=$(($i + 1)) | ||
done | done | ||
</code><code> | </code><code> | ||
- | $ cat test_arp_ping.sh | + | $ cat arp_ping.sh |
</code><code> | </code><code> | ||
#!/bin/sh | #!/bin/sh | ||
Line 90: | Line 108: | ||
while : | while : | ||
do | do | ||
- | ping -c 1 -W 1 $1.$i > /dev/null 2>&1 | + | ip=$1.$i |
- | arp -an | grep "($1.$i)" | grep -q ':..:..:' && echo + $1.$i || echo - $1.$i | + | |
+ | ping -c 1 -W 1 $ip >/dev/null | ||
+ | ip n | grep "$ip " | grep -q ':..:..:' && echo $ip | ||
i=$(($i + 1)) | i=$(($i + 1)) | ||
test $i -eq 254 && break | test $i -eq 254 && break | ||
Line 358: | Line 379: | ||
==== CGI на shell ==== | ==== CGI на shell ==== | ||
- | * [[http://www.team2053.org/docs/bashcgi/gettingstarted.html|Creating CGI Programs with Bash: Getting Started]] | + | * [[http://underpop.online.fr/c/cgi/docs/creating-cgi-programs-with-bash/|Creating CGI Programs with Bash: Introduction]] |
+ | * [[https://debian-administration.org/article/371/A_web_server_in_a_shell_script|A web server in a shell script]] | ||
+ | * [[https://stackoverflow.com/questions/16640054/minimal-web-server-using-netcat|Minimal web server using netcat]] | ||
+ | * [[https://funprojects.blog/2021/04/11/a-web-server-in-1-line-of-bash/|A Web Server in 1 Line of Bash Code]] | ||
==== Web сервер на shell ==== | ==== Web сервер на shell ==== | ||
- | * [[https://debian-administration.org/article/371/A_web_server_in_a_shell_script|A web server in a shell script]] | + | * [[Сервис HTTP]] |
+ | * [[Переменные окружения#Чтение значений переменных окружения]] | ||
- | === Debian/Ubuntu === | ||
<code> | <code> | ||
# cat /usr/local/sbin/webd | # cat /usr/local/sbin/webd | ||
Line 370: | Line 394: | ||
#!/bin/bash | #!/bin/bash | ||
base=/var/www | base=/var/www | ||
+ | #log=/var/log/webd.log | ||
read request | read request | ||
+ | ##echo "$request" >> $log # for educational demonstration | ||
+ | |||
+ | filename="${request#GET }" | ||
+ | filename="${filename% HTTP/*}" | ||
+ | |||
+ | test $filename = "/" && filename="/index.html" | ||
+ | |||
+ | filename="$base$filename" | ||
while : | while : | ||
do | do | ||
- | read header | + | read -r header |
+ | ## echo "$header" >> $log # for educational demonstration | ||
[ "$header" == $'\r' ] && break; | [ "$header" == $'\r' ] && break; | ||
+ | ## [ "$header" == $'' ] && break; # for STDIN/STDOUT educational demonstration | ||
done | done | ||
- | url="${request#GET }" | + | if [ -e "$filename" ] |
- | url="${url% HTTP/*}" | + | then |
- | filename="$base$url" | + | # echo `date` OK $filename on `hostname` >> $log |
- | + | echo -e "HTTP/1.1 200 OK\r" | |
- | echo -e "HTTP/1.1 200 OK\r" | + | echo -e "Content-Type: $(/usr/bin/file -bi $filename)\r" |
- | echo -e "Content-Type: `/usr/bin/file -bi \"$filename\"`\r" | + | echo -e "\r" |
- | echo -e "\r" | + | /bin/cat "$filename" |
- | + | else | |
- | /bin/cat "$filename" | + | # echo "$(date)" ERR $filename on "$(hostname)" >> "$log" |
+ | echo -e "HTTP/1.1 404 Not Found\r" | ||
+ | echo -e "Content-Type: text/html;\r" | ||
+ | echo -e "\r" | ||
+ | echo -e "<h1>File $filename Not Found</h1>" | ||
+ | # ip=$(awk '/32 host/ { print f } {f=$2}' /proc/net/fib_trie | sort -u | grep -v 127.0.0.1) | ||
+ | # echo -e "Host: $(hostname), IP: $ip, ver 1.1" | ||
+ | fi | ||
</code> | </code> | ||
- | === FreeBSD === | ||
- | <code> | ||
- | # cat /usr/local/sbin/webd | ||
- | </code><code> | ||
- | #!/bin/sh | ||
- | base=/var/www | ||
- | |||
- | read request | ||
- | |||
- | url="${request#GET }" | ||
- | url="${url% HTTP/*}" | ||
- | filename="$base$url" | ||
- | |||
- | echo "HTTP/1.1 200 OK" | ||
- | echo "Content-Type: `/usr/bin/file -bi \"$filename\"`" | ||
- | echo "" | ||
- | |||
- | /bin/cat "$filename" | ||
- | </code> | ||
- | |||
- | === Debian/Ubuntu/FreeBSD === | ||
<code> | <code> | ||
# chmod +x /usr/local/sbin/webd | # chmod +x /usr/local/sbin/webd | ||
Line 429: | Line 450: | ||
</code> | </code> | ||
- | === Debian/Ubuntu === | ||
<code> | <code> | ||
# wget -O /var/www/img/logo.gif http://val.bmstu.ru/unix/Media/logo.gif | # wget -O /var/www/img/logo.gif http://val.bmstu.ru/unix/Media/logo.gif | ||
</code> | </code> | ||
- | === FreeBSD === | + | * [[Сервис INETD]] |
+ | ==== Проверка ==== | ||
<code> | <code> | ||
- | # fetch -o /var/www/img/logo.gif http://val.bmstu.ru/unix/Media/logo.gif | + | http://server.corpX.un/ |
</code> | </code> | ||
- | |||
==== Asterisk AGI ==== | ==== Asterisk AGI ==== | ||
- | * [[Сервис Asterisk#Тарификация звонков]] | + | * [[Сервис Asterisk#Asterisk AGI]] |
+ | |||
+ | ==== Отправка email с вложениями ==== | ||
+ | |||
+ | * [[https://serverfault.com/questions/38919/send-an-email-with-an-attached-file-using-telnet-or-netcat|Send an email with an attached file using telnet or netcat]] | ||
+ | |||
+ | <code> | ||
+ | $ cat mail.bash | ||
+ | </code><code> | ||
+ | #!/bin/bash | ||
+ | |||
+ | EMAIL="val@bmstu.ru" | ||
+ | MAILSERVER="mailhub.bmstu.ru" | ||
+ | |||
+ | [ -f "$1" ] || { echo Example: ./mail.bash attach_file_name; exit 1; } | ||
+ | |||
+ | { | ||
+ | sleep 5; | ||
+ | echo "EHLO $MAILSERVER"; | ||
+ | sleep 3; | ||
+ | echo "MAIL FROM: <$EMAIL>"; | ||
+ | sleep 3; | ||
+ | echo "RCPT TO: <$EMAIL>"; | ||
+ | sleep 3; | ||
+ | echo "DATA"; | ||
+ | sleep 3; | ||
+ | echo -e "To:$EMAIL\nSubject: $1\nMIME-Version: 1.0 (mime-construct 1.9)\nContent-Type: $(/usr/bin/file -bi $1); name=\"$1\"\nContent-Transfer-Encoding: base64\n\n"; | ||
+ | cat $1 | openssl base64; | ||
+ | echo '.'; | ||
+ | echo -e "QUIT\n\n"; | ||
+ | } | nc $MAILSERVER 25 | ||
+ | |||
+ | </code> | ||
==== Использование диалоговых окон ==== | ==== Использование диалоговых окон ==== | ||
+ | |||
+ | <code> | ||
+ | ansible-pull-gpo# cat start.sh | ||
+ | </code><code> | ||
+ | #!/bin/bash | ||
+ | |||
+ | on_off() { | ||
+ | grep -q "$1" "$2" && echo ON || echo OFF | ||
+ | } | ||
+ | |||
+ | if [ -z ${BR+x} ]; then echo -e "Variable BR (branch) is not set, specify, for example\nexport BR=master"; exit 1; fi | ||
+ | |||
+ | apt update || exit 0 | ||
+ | |||
+ | apt install dialog ansible git -y | ||
+ | |||
+ | GP_OP_FILE=/usr/local/etc/gpo_options.yml | ||
+ | GP_EX_FILE=/usr/local/bin/ansible-pull-gpo.sh | ||
+ | |||
+ | TEMP_FILE=$(mktemp -t 'XXXX') | ||
+ | |||
+ | touch "$GP_OP_FILE" | ||
+ | |||
+ | dialog --title "Configurations, Roles and Programs" --clear --nocancel\ | ||
+ | --checklist "Choose Options" 19 56 15 \ | ||
+ | CONF_RUS_INT: "Russian Interface" "$(on_off CONF_RUS_INT "$GP_OP_FILE")" \ | ||
+ | PROG_THBIRD: "Mail client Thunderbird" "$(on_off PROG_THBIRD "$GP_OP_FILE")" \ | ||
+ | ROLE_ZAB_AG: "Zabbix Agent" "$(on_off ROLE_ZAB_AG "$GP_OP_FILE")" \ | ||
+ | ROLE_OVPN1_CL: "OpenVPN Client" "$(on_off ROLE_OVPN1_CL "$GP_OP_FILE")" \ | ||
+ | 2>"$TEMP_FILE" | ||
+ | |||
+ | < "$TEMP_FILE" tr " " "\n" > "$GP_OP_FILE" | ||
+ | |||
+ | rm "$TEMP_FILE" | ||
+ | |||
+ | echo -e "\nEND:" >> "$GP_OP_FILE" | ||
+ | |||
+ | echo "/usr/bin/ansible-pull -U http://server.corpX.un/student/ansible-pull-gpo.git -C $BR -e @$GP_OP_FILE" > "$GP_EX_FILE" | ||
+ | |||
+ | chmod +x "$GP_EX_FILE" | ||
+ | |||
+ | ##exit 0 | ||
+ | |||
+ | echo -e "0 */2 * * * sleep \${RANDOM:0:2}m; $GP_EX_FILE\n@reboot sleep 3m; $GP_EX_FILE" | crontab - | ||
+ | |||
+ | "$GP_EX_FILE" | ||
+ | |||
+ | #apt upgrade -y | ||
+ | |||
+ | #reboot | ||
+ | </code> | ||
=== Использование программы whiptail (Linux) === | === Использование программы whiptail (Linux) === |