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технология_vagrant [2022/08/17 14:31]
val 		технология_vagrant [2025/07/29 16:23] (current)
val [Управление образами]
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 ====== Технология Vagrant ====== ====== Технология Vagrant ======
 +
 +  * [[https://​ru.wikipedia.org/​wiki/​Vagrant|HashiCorp Vagrant]]
  
   * [[https://​www.vagrantup.com/​|Vagrant - Development Environments Made Easy]]   * [[https://​www.vagrantup.com/​|Vagrant - Development Environments Made Easy]]
Line 7: Line 9:
   * [[https://​oracle-base.com/​articles/​vm/​create-a-vagrant-base-box-virtualbox|Create a Vagrant Base Box (VirtualBox)]]   * [[https://​oracle-base.com/​articles/​vm/​create-a-vagrant-base-box-virtualbox|Create a Vagrant Base Box (VirtualBox)]]
  
-  * [[https://​www.vultr.com/​docs/​stop-dhcp-from-changing-resolve-conf/​|Stop DHCP From Changing resolv.conf]] 
  
 ===== Установка ===== ===== Установка =====
  
-  * [[https://​val.bmstu.ru/​unix/​HashiCorp/​vagrant_2.2.10_x86_64.msi]]+  ​* [[https://​hashicorp-releases.yandexcloud.net/​vagrant/​]] 
 + 
 +  ​* [[https://​val.bmstu.ru/​unix/​HashiCorp/​vagrant_2.4.3_windows_amd64.msi]] ​ 
 +  * Можно не перезагружать систему,​ но нужно перезапустить Cmder
  
 ===== Подготовка командной строки ===== ===== Подготовка командной строки =====
  
-==== win cmd === 
  
-<​code>​ 
-C:​\Users\Administrator>​ C:​\HashiCorp\Vagrant\bin\vagrant.exe 
-</​code>​ 
  
 ==== Cmder ==== ==== Cmder ====
  
   * [[Cmder]]   * [[Cmder]]
- 
 <​code>​ <​code>​
-λ alias vagrant=C:​\HashiCorp\Vagrant\bin\vagrant.exe $* 
- 
 λ bash λ bash
  
-$ alias vagrant=C:/​\HashiCorp/​\Vagrant/​\bin/​\vagrant.exe $* +λ cd
-или +
-$ alias vagrant=/​c/​HashiCorp/​Vagrant/​bin/​vagrant.exe+
 </​code>​ </​code>​
  
-==== mobaxterm ==== +
-<​code>​ +
-mobaxterm>​ alias vagrant=/​drives/​c/​HashiCorp/​Vagrant/​bin/​vagrant.exe $* +
-</​code>​+
  
  
Line 45: Line 37:
   * [[https://​oracle-base.com/​articles/​vm/​create-a-vagrant-base-box-virtualbox|Create a Vagrant Base Box (VirtualBox)]] + [[https://​bbs.archlinux.org/​viewtopic.php?​id=270005|[SOLVED] Latest sshd not accepting key algorithms]]   * [[https://​oracle-base.com/​articles/​vm/​create-a-vagrant-base-box-virtualbox|Create a Vagrant Base Box (VirtualBox)]] + [[https://​bbs.archlinux.org/​viewtopic.php?​id=270005|[SOLVED] Latest sshd not accepting key algorithms]]
   * [[https://​vagrantcloud.com/​debian/​bullseye64]]   * [[https://​vagrantcloud.com/​debian/​bullseye64]]
 +
 +  * [[https://​val.bmstu.ru/​unix/​HashiCorp/​ubuntu_20.04.box]]
 +  * [[https://​val.bmstu.ru/​unix/​HashiCorp/​debian12-generic.box]]
 +
 +  * [[Переменные окружения]]
 +  * [[https://​stackoverflow.com/​questions/​19872591/​how-to-use-vagrant-in-a-proxy-environment|How to use vagrant in a proxy environment?​]]
  
 <​code>​ <​code>​
 $ vagrant box list $ vagrant box list
  
-$ vagrant box add debian/bullseye64 +$ ### vagrant box add /c/​distrs/​ubuntu_20.04.box --name specialist/​ubuntu20
- +
-$ vagrant ​box list+
  
-$ vagrant ​package --base ubuntu_20.04_03 --output ​/c/​distrs/​ubuntu_20.04.box+$ ### vagrant ​box add generic/debian12 
 +$ ### vagrant ​box remove generic/​debian12
  
-$ vagrant box add /c/distrs/ubuntu_20.04.box --name ​specialist/ubuntu20+$ vagrant box add /c/distrs/debian12-generic.box --name ​generic/debian12
  
 $ vagrant box list $ vagrant box list
Line 67: Line 64:
 $ cd ~/nodes $ cd ~/nodes
  
-$ vagrant init specialist/​ubuntu20+$ ###vagrant init specialist/​ubuntu20 
 +$ vagrant init generic/​debian12
  
 $ less Vagrantfile $ less Vagrantfile
 ... ...
-    config.vm.box = "specialist/​ubuntu20"+    config.vm.box = "........"
 ... ...
  
 $ vagrant up $ vagrant up
 +
 +$ ssh -p 2NNN vagrant@localhost
  
 $ vagrant ssh $ vagrant ssh
  
 $ vagrant global-status $ vagrant global-status
 +
 +$ ###vagrant global-status --prune
  
 $ vagrant halt $ vagrant halt
Line 95: Line 97:
   * [[https://​stackoverflow.com/​questions/​30820949/​print-message-after-booting-vagrant-machine-with-vagrant-up|Print message after booting vagrant machine with "​vagrant up"]]   * [[https://​stackoverflow.com/​questions/​30820949/​print-message-after-booting-vagrant-machine-with-vagrant-up|Print message after booting vagrant machine with "​vagrant up"]]
   * [[https://​stackoverflow.com/​questions/​19648088/​pass-environment-variables-to-vagrant-shell-provisioner|Pass environment variables to vagrant shell provisioner]]   * [[https://​stackoverflow.com/​questions/​19648088/​pass-environment-variables-to-vagrant-shell-provisioner|Pass environment variables to vagrant shell provisioner]]
 +  * !!! Зрелищнее - по очереди,​ config и provision ​
 <​code>​ <​code>​
-λ npp Vagrantfile ​&+λ cat Vagrantfile
 </​code><​code>​ </​code><​code>​
 ... ...
Line 109: Line 111:
  
   config.vm.hostname = "​node1.corp"​ + X + "​.un"​   config.vm.hostname = "​node1.corp"​ + X + "​.un"​
-  config.vm.network "​private_network",​ ip: "​192.168."​ + X + "​.201"​ +  config.vm.network "​private_network", ​ 
- +    adapter: 2,  
-#  ​config.vm.provider "​virtualbox"​ do |vb| +    name: "​VirtualBox Host-Only Ethernet Adapter",​ 
-#    ​vb.memory = "​2048"​ +    ​ip: "​192.168."​ + X + "​.201"​ 
-#    ​vb.cpus = "​2"​+  config.vm.provider "​virtualbox"​ do |vb| 
 +    vb.memory = "​2048"​ 
 +    vb.cpus = "​2"​
  
 #    file_to_disk = config.vm.hostname + '​_disk2.vdi'​ #    file_to_disk = config.vm.hostname + '​_disk2.vdi'​
Line 119: Line 123:
 #      vb.customize ['​createhd',​ '​--filename',​ file_to_disk,​ '​--size',​ 4 * 1024] #      vb.customize ['​createhd',​ '​--filename',​ file_to_disk,​ '​--size',​ 4 * 1024]
 #    end #    end
-#    vb.customize ['​storageattach',​ :id, '​--storagectl',​ '​SATA',​ '​--port',​ 2, '​--device',​ 0, '​--type',​ '​hdd',​ '​--medium',​ file_to_disk] +#    vb.customize ['​storageattach',​ :id, '​--storagectl',​ '​SATA ​или SATA Controller', '​--port',​ 2, '​--device',​ 0, '​--type',​ '​hdd',​ '​--medium',​ file_to_disk] 
-#  end+ 
 +  end
   ​   ​
 ### /My config ### ### /My config ###
Line 154: Line 159:
  
 end end
-</​code>​ +</​code><​code>​ 
-<​code>​ +λ vagrant validate 
-λ vagrant reload --provision+ 
 +λ vagrant up 
 +... 
 +==> default: Machine already provisioned ... 
 +... 
 +λ vagrant ssh 
 +$ date 
 + 
 +λ vagrant up --provision 
 +λ ###vagrant provision --provision-with provision_once 
 +λ ###vagrant reload --provision 
 + 
 +λ vagrant ssh 
 + 
 +$ date 
 +$ ip a
 </​code>​ </​code>​
  
Line 164: Line 184:
  
 <​code>​ <​code>​
-λ npp provision_once.sh ​&+vagrant.exe ssh node2 -c 'sudo apt install open-iscsi -y' 
 + 
 +vagrant.exe ssh node3 -c 'sudo apt install open-iscsi -y' 
 +</​code>​ 
 + 
 +<​code>​ 
 +λ touch provision_once.sh
 </​code><​code>​ </​code><​code>​
-#sed -i 's/PasswordAuthentication no/PasswordAuthentication yes/g' /​etc/​ssh/​sshd_config+#!/bin/sh 
 #echo '​root:​strongpassword'​ | chpasswd #echo '​root:​strongpassword'​ | chpasswd
 +#sed -i '​s/​PasswordAuthentication no/​PasswordAuthentication yes/g' /​etc/​ssh/​sshd_config
 +#service ssh restart
  
 echo '​vagrant:​strongpassword'​ | chpasswd echo '​vagrant:​strongpassword'​ | chpasswd
 +
 +(echo '"​\e[A":​ history-search-backward';​ echo '"​\e[B":​ history-search-forward'​) >> /​etc/​inputrc
  
 timedatectl set-timezone Europe/​Moscow timedatectl set-timezone Europe/​Moscow
  
 apt-get update apt-get update
-#apt-get install -y net-tools+ 
 +apt-get purge resolvconf 
 +rm /​etc/​resolv.conf 
 +touch /​etc/​resolv.conf 
 + 
 +#apt-get install -y docker.io
 </​code><​code>​ </​code><​code>​
-λ npp provision_onstart.sh ​&+λ touch provision_onstart.sh
 </​code><​code>​ </​code><​code>​
 +#!/bin/bash
 +
 X=$1 X=$1
  
-echo $X+echo "$X"
  
-route add default gw 192.168.$X.1+route add default gw 192.168."$X".1
  
-eval `route -n | awk '{ if ($8 =="​eth0"​ && $2 != "​0.0.0.0"​) print "route del default gw " $2; }'`+eval "$(route -n | awk '{ if ($8 =="​eth0"​ && $2 != "​0.0.0.0"​) print "route del default gw " $2; }')"
  
 chattr -i /​etc/​resolv.conf chattr -i /​etc/​resolv.conf
Line 192: Line 230:
 echo "​net.ipv4.ip_forward=1"​ > /​etc/​sysctl.d/​20-my-forward.conf && sysctl -p --system echo "​net.ipv4.ip_forward=1"​ > /​etc/​sysctl.d/​20-my-forward.conf && sysctl -p --system
 </​code><​code>​ </​code><​code>​
-λ npp Vagrantfile+λ cat Vagrantfile
 </​code><​code>​ </​code><​code>​
 +...
 +  config.vm.synced_folder "​.",​ "/​vagrant",​ disabled: false
 ... ...
 +### My provision ###
 +### /My provision ###
 +...
 +</​code><​code>​
 +vagrant@node1:​~$ ls /vagrant/
 +
 +vagrant@node1:​~$ tr -d '​\r'​ < /​vagrant/​provision_once.sh ​ | shellcheck -
 +vagrant@node1:​~$ tr -d '​\r'​ < /​vagrant/​provision_onstart.sh ​ | shellcheck -
 +</​code><​code>​
 +λ cat Vagrantfile
 +</​code><​code>​
 ### My provision ### ### My provision ###
  
   config.vm.provision "​provision_once",​ type: "​shell",​ run: "​once",​ path: "​provision_once.sh"​   config.vm.provision "​provision_once",​ type: "​shell",​ run: "​once",​ path: "​provision_once.sh"​
 +
   config.vm.provision "​provision_onstart",​ type: "​shell",​ run: "​always", ​   config.vm.provision "​provision_onstart",​ type: "​shell",​ run: "​always", ​
     args: X + " 2_arg 3_arg", ​     args: X + " 2_arg 3_arg", ​
Line 207: Line 259:
 λ vagrant provision --provision-with provision_once,​provision_onstart λ vagrant provision --provision-with provision_once,​provision_onstart
  
-vagrant@node1:~$ ls /vagrant/+server# ssh vagrant@node1
 </​code>​ </​code>​
  
Line 217: Line 269:
 λ cat Vagrantfile λ cat Vagrantfile
 ... ...
-  config.vm.provision "​provision_docker",​ type: "​ansible_local",​ run: "always" do |ansible|+  config.vm.provision "​provision_docker",​ type: "​ansible_local",​ run: "once" do |ansible|
     ansible.playbook = "​provision_docker.yml"​     ansible.playbook = "​provision_docker.yml"​
   end   end
 ... ...
 </​code><​code>​ </​code><​code>​
-$ vagrant provision --provision-with provision_docker+$ time vagrant provision --provision-with provision_docker 
 +real    11m2,127s
 </​code>​ </​code>​
  
 ===== Multi-Machine Vagrant Environments ===== ===== Multi-Machine Vagrant Environments =====
  
-==== Внутри Vagrantfile ==== +  ​* [[https://blog.scottlowe.org/2014/10/22/​multi-machine-vagrant-with-yaml/​|Multi-Machine ​Vagrant with YAML]] 
- +  * [[https://​stackoverflow.com/​questions/​16708917/​how-do-i-include-variables-in-my-vagrantfile|How do I include variables in my VagrantFile?​]]
-  ​* [[https://www.vagrantup.com/docs/​multi-machine|Multi-Machine]]+
  
 <​code>​ <​code>​
-λ npp Vagrantfile +λ vagrant destroy
-</​code><​code>​ +
-... +
-Vagrant.configure("​2"​) do |config|+
  
-### My config ### +λ touch nodes.yaml
- +
-  config.vm.define "​node1"​ do |node1| +
-    node1.vm.network "​private_network",​ ip: "​192.168.X.201"​ +
-  end +
- +
-  config.vm.define "​node2"​ do |node2| +
-    node2.vm.network "​private_network",​ ip: "​192.168.X.202"​ +
-  end +
- +
-  config.vm.define "​node3"​ do |node3| +
-    node3.vm.network "​private_network",​ ip: "​192.168.X.203"​ +
-  end +
-   +
-### /My config ### +
-... +
-</​code>​ +
- +
-==== С использованием структур данных ruby ==== +
- +
-  * [[https://​github.com/​hashicorp/​vagrant/​issues/​9200|Vagrant is assigning the same MAC to two different VMs?]] +
- +
-<​code>​ +
-boxes = [ +
-    { +
-        :name => "​node1",​ +
-        :ip => "​192.168.X.201",​ +
-        :​vbox_config => [ +
-            { "​--cpus"​ => "​2"​ }, +
-            { "​--memory"​ => "​2048"​ } +
-        ], +
-    }, +
-    { +
-        :name => "​node2",​ +
-        :ip => "​192.168.X.202",​ +
-        :​vbox_config => [ +
-            { "​--cpus"​ => "​2"​ }, +
-            { "​--memory"​ => "​2048"​ } +
-        ], +
-    }, +
-    { +
-        :name => "​node3",​ +
-        :ip => "​192.168.X.203",​ +
-        :​vbox_config => [ +
-            { "​--cpus"​ => "​2"​ }, +
-            { "​--memory"​ => "​2048"​ } +
-        ], +
-    } +
-] +
- +
-Vagrant.configure("​2"​) do |config| +
- +
-### My config ### +
-  boxes.each do |opts| +
-    config.vm.define opts[:name] do |config| +
-      config.vm.network "​private_network",​ ip: opts[:ip] +
-      config.vm.hostname = opts[:​name] +
- +
-#      config.vm.provider "​virtualbox"​ do | vb | +
-#        file_to_disk = opts[:name] + '​_2.vdi'​ +
-#        unless File.exist?​(file_to_disk) +
-#          vb.customize ['​createhd',​ '​--filename',​ file_to_disk,​ '​--size',​ 4 * 1024] +
-#        end +
-#        vb.customize ['​storageattach',​ :id, '​--storagectl',​ '​SATA',​ '​--port',​ 2, '​--device',​ 0, '​--type',​ '​hdd',​ '​--medium',​ file_to_disk] +
-#      end +
- +
-      opts[:​vbox_config].each do |hash| +
-        hash.each do |key, value| +
-          config.vm.provider :virtualbox do |vb| +
-            vb.customize ["​modifyvm",​ :id, key, value] +
-          end +
-        end +
-      end +
-    end +
-  end +
- +
-### /My config ### +
- +
-  ... +
- +
-end +
-</​code>​ +
- +
-==== С использованием json ==== +
- +
-  * [[Формат JSON]] +
-  * [[https://​blog.scottlowe.org/​2016/​01/​18/​multi-machine-vagrant-json/​|Multi-Machine Vagrant Environments with JSON]] +
- +
-<​code>​ +
-λ npp nodes.json &+
 </​code><​code>​ </​code><​code>​
-[ +- name: "​node1"​ 
-    { +  ip: "​201"​ 
-        "name": "​node1"​, +- name: "​node2"​ 
-        "​ip": "192.168.X.201", +  ip: "​202"​ 
-        "​vbox_config":​ [ +- name: "​node3"​ 
-            { "--cpus":​ "​2"​ }, +  ip: "​203"​
-            { "​--memory":​ "​2048"​ } +
-        ] +
-    }, +
-    { +
-        "name": "​node2"​, +
-        "​ip": "192.168.X.202", +
-        "​vbox_config":​ [ +
-            { "--cpus":​ "​2"​ }, +
-            { "​--memory":​ "​2048"​ } +
-        ] +
-    }, +
-    { +
-        "name": "​node3"​, +
-        "​ip": "192.168.X.203", +
-        "​vbox_config":​ [ +
-            { "​--cpus":​ "​2"​ }, +
-            { "​--memory":​ "​2048"​ } +
-        ] +
-    } +
-]+
 </​code><​code>​ </​code><​code>​
-$ cat Vagrantfile+λ npp Vagrantfile
 </​code><​code>​ </​code><​code>​
-require 'json' +... 
-boxes = JSON.parse(File.read('​./nodes.json'))+require 'yaml' 
 +nodes = YAML.load_file("./nodes.yaml")
  
 Vagrant.configure("​2"​) do |config| Vagrant.configure("​2"​) do |config|
  
 ### My config ### ### My config ###
- +  nodes.each do |opts| ​
-  boxes.each do |opts|+
     config.vm.define opts["​name"​] do |config|     config.vm.define opts["​name"​] do |config|
- +      ​config.vm.network "​private_network", ​ 
-      ​config.vm.network "​private_network",​ ip: opts["​ip"​]+        adapter: 2,  
 +        name: "​VirtualBox Host-Only Ethernet Adapter",​ 
 +        ​ip: "​192.168."​ + X + "​."​ + opts["​ip"​]
       config.vm.hostname = opts["​name"​]       config.vm.hostname = opts["​name"​]
 +   ​
 +      config.vm.provider :virtualbox do |vb|
 +        # vb.name = opts["​name"​]
 +        vb.memory = "​2048"​
 +        vb.cpus = "​2"​
  
-#      ​config.vm.provider "​virtualbox"​ do | vb | +        ​# file_to_disk = opts["​name"​] + '​_2.vdi'​ 
-#        ​file_to_disk = opts["​name"​] + '​_2.vdi'​ +        ​# unless File.exist?​(file_to_disk) 
-#        ​unless File.exist?​(file_to_disk) +          ​# vb.customize ['​createhd',​ '​--filename',​ file_to_disk,​ '​--size',​ 4 * 1024] 
-#          ​vb.customize ['​createhd',​ '​--filename',​ file_to_disk,​ '​--size',​ 4 * 1024] +        ​# end 
-#        end +        ​# vb.customize ['​storageattach',​ :id, '​--storagectl',​ '​SATA',​ '​--port',​ 2, '​--device',​ 0, '​--type',​ '​hdd',​ '​--medium',​ file_to_disk]
-#        ​vb.customize ['​storageattach',​ :id, '​--storagectl',​ '​SATA',​ '​--port',​ 2, '​--device',​ 0, '​--type',​ '​hdd',​ '​--medium',​ file_to_disk] +
-#      end+
  
-      opts["​vbox_config"​].each do |hash| 
-        hash.each do |key, value| 
-          config.vm.provider :virtualbox do |vb| 
-            vb.customize ["​modifyvm",​ :id, key, value] 
-          end 
-        end 
       end       end
- 
     end     end
   end   end
- 
 ### /My config ### ### /My config ###
- 
 ... ...
- +</​code><​code>​
-end +
-</​code>​ +
-<​code>​+
 λ vagrant up node1 λ vagrant up node1
  
 λ vagrant up λ vagrant up
 +
 +λ vagrant status
  
 λ vagrant ssh node2 λ vagrant ssh node2
  
-λ vagrant destroy ​node3+λ vagrant halt node2 
 + 
 +λ vagrant destroy ​node1
  
 λ vagrant destroy -f λ vagrant destroy -f
-</​code>​ 
  
-===== Дополнительные возможности =====+λ cd ~/​conf/​vagrant/​nodes
  
 +λ nano Vagrantfile ​  #!!! set X and mem 1024
  
 +λ cat provision_once.sh ​  # look passwords
  
-==== Использование синхронизируемых каталогов ====+λ time vagrant up --parallel 
 +</​code>​
  
-<​code>​ +===== Дополнительные возможности =====
-λ cat Vagrantfile +
-</​code><​code>​ +
-... +
-#  config.vm.synced_folder "​.",​ "/​vagrant",​ type: "​rsync",​ rsync__exclude:​ "​.git/"​ +
-... +
-</​code><​code>​ +
-λ npp SomeFile +
-...+
  
-λ vagrant rsync 
  
-λ vagrant ssh 
  
-vagrant@node3:​~$ ls /vagrant/ +==== Еще варианты Multi-Machine Vagrant Environments ====
-</​code><​code>​ +
-... +
-Vagrantfile +
-... +
-SomeFile +
-... +
-</​code>​+
  
-===== Multi-Machine Vagrant Environments ===== +=== Внутри Vagrantfile ===
- +
-==== Внутри Vagrantfile ​====+
  
   * [[https://​www.vagrantup.com/​docs/​multi-machine|Multi-Machine]]   * [[https://​www.vagrantup.com/​docs/​multi-machine|Multi-Machine]]
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 </​code>​ </​code>​
  
-==== С использованием структур данных ruby ====+=== С использованием структур данных ruby ===
  
   * [[https://​github.com/​hashicorp/​vagrant/​issues/​9200|Vagrant is assigning the same MAC to two different VMs?]]   * [[https://​github.com/​hashicorp/​vagrant/​issues/​9200|Vagrant is assigning the same MAC to two different VMs?]]
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 </​code>​ </​code>​
  
-==== С использованием json ====+=== С использованием json ===
  
   * [[Формат JSON]]   * [[Формат JSON]]
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       config.vm.network "​private_network",​ ip: opts["​ip"​]       config.vm.network "​private_network",​ ip: opts["​ip"​]
       config.vm.hostname = opts["​name"​]       config.vm.hostname = opts["​name"​]
- 
-#      config.vm.provider "​virtualbox"​ do | vb | 
-#        file_to_disk = opts["​name"​] + '​_2.vdi'​ 
-#        unless File.exist?​(file_to_disk) 
-#          vb.customize ['​createhd',​ '​--filename',​ file_to_disk,​ '​--size',​ 4 * 1024] 
-#        end 
-#        vb.customize ['​storageattach',​ :id, '​--storagectl',​ '​SATA',​ '​--port',​ 2, '​--device',​ 0, '​--type',​ '​hdd',​ '​--medium',​ file_to_disk] 
-#      end 
  
       opts["​vbox_config"​].each do |hash|       opts["​vbox_config"​].each do |hash|
технология_vagrant.1660735888.txt.gz · Last modified: 2022/08/17 14:31 by val

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