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сервис_nat
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сервис_nat [2016/11/14 14:22] val [Ubuntu (iptables)] |
сервис_nat [2024/04/08 16:06] val |
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| ===== Трансляция на основе адреса отправителя ===== | ===== Трансляция на основе адреса отправителя ===== | ||
| - | ==== Ubuntu (iptables) ==== | + | ==== Debian/Ubuntu (iptables) ==== |
| === Заполнение таблицы nat (eth1 - внешний интерфейс) === | === Заполнение таблицы nat (eth1 - внешний интерфейс) === | ||
| <code> | <code> | ||
| + | debian11# apt install iptables | ||
| + | |||
| root@gate:~# apt install conntrack | root@gate:~# apt install conntrack | ||
| Line 28: | Line 30: | ||
| root@gate:~# conntrack -L | root@gate:~# conntrack -L | ||
| + | </code> | ||
| - | ubuntu12# apt-get install netstat-nat | + | === Управление состоянием iptables === |
| - | ubuntu12# netstat-nat -n | + | == Вариант 1 == |
| - | </code> | + | |
| - | === Сохранение состояния iptables === | + | == Сохранение состояния iptables == |
| <code> | <code> | ||
| root@gate:~# iptables-save > /etc/iptables.rules | root@gate:~# iptables-save > /etc/iptables.rules | ||
| </code> | </code> | ||
| - | === Восстановление состояния iptables === | + | == Восстановление состояния iptables == |
| <code> | <code> | ||
| root@gate:~# iptables-restore < /etc/iptables.rules | root@gate:~# iptables-restore < /etc/iptables.rules | ||
| </code> | </code> | ||
| - | === Восстановление состояния iptables при загрузке === | + | == Восстановление состояния iptables при загрузке == |
| <code> | <code> | ||
| root@gate:~# cat /etc/network/interfaces | root@gate:~# cat /etc/network/interfaces | ||
| Line 55: | Line 57: | ||
| </code> | </code> | ||
| + | == Вариант 2 == | ||
| + | <code> | ||
| + | # apt install iptables-persistent | ||
| + | |||
| + | # netfilter-persistent save | ||
| + | </code> | ||
| + | |||
| + | ==== nftables ==== | ||
| + | |||
| + | * [[https://wiki.nftables.org/wiki-nftables/index.php/Performing_Network_Address_Translation_(NAT)|Performing Network Address Translation (NAT)]] | ||
| + | |||
| + | <code> | ||
| + | nft add rule nat postrouting ip saddr 192.168.22.0/24 oif eth1 snat to 10.5.7.122 | ||
| + | |||
| + | nft list ruleset | ||
| + | </code> | ||
| + | |||
| + | ==== CentOS (firewalld) ==== | ||
| + | |||
| + | * [[https://www.mjhall.org/centos-7-firewalld-nat-router.html|CentOS 7 firewalld NAT router]] | ||
| ==== FreeBSD ==== | ==== FreeBSD ==== | ||
| Line 70: | Line 92: | ||
| pf_enable=yes | pf_enable=yes | ||
| </code><code> | </code><code> | ||
| - | [gate:~] # /etc/rc.d/pf check | + | [gate:~] # service pf check |
| - | [gate:~] # /etc/rc.d/pf start | + | [gate:~] # service pf start |
| [gate:~] # pfctl -vs nat | [gate:~] # pfctl -vs nat | ||
| Line 79: | Line 101: | ||
| ===== Трансляция портов сервисов ===== | ===== Трансляция портов сервисов ===== | ||
| - | ==== Ubuntu (iptables) ==== | + | ==== Debian/Ubuntu (iptables) ==== |
| <code> | <code> | ||
| Line 92: | Line 114: | ||
| iptables -t nat -A PREROUTING -i eth1 --destination 172.16.1.X -p tcp --dport 2222 -j DNAT --to-destination 192.168.X.10:22 | iptables -t nat -A PREROUTING -i eth1 --destination 172.16.1.X -p tcp --dport 2222 -j DNAT --to-destination 192.168.X.10:22 | ||
| - | #iptables -t nat -A PREROUTING -i eth1 --destination 172.16.1.X -p tcp --dport 25 -j DNAT --to-destination 192.168.X.10:25 | ||
| iptables -t nat -A PREROUTING -i eth1 --destination 172.16.1.X -p tcp --dport 53 -j DNAT --to-destination 192.168.X.10:53 | iptables -t nat -A PREROUTING -i eth1 --destination 172.16.1.X -p tcp --dport 53 -j DNAT --to-destination 192.168.X.10:53 | ||
| iptables -t nat -A PREROUTING -i eth1 --destination 172.16.1.X -p udp --dport 53 -j DNAT --to-destination 192.168.X.10:53 | iptables -t nat -A PREROUTING -i eth1 --destination 172.16.1.X -p udp --dport 53 -j DNAT --to-destination 192.168.X.10:53 | ||
| - | iptables -t nat -A PREROUTING -i eth1 --destination 172.16.1.X -p tcp --dport 80 -j DNAT --to-destination 192.168.X.10:80 | + | #iptables -t nat -A PREROUTING -i eth1 --destination 172.16.1.X -p tcp --dport 25 -j DNAT --to-destination 192.168.X.10:25 |
| - | iptables -t nat -A PREROUTING -i eth1 --destination 172.16.1.X -p tcp --dport 143 -j DNAT --to-destination 192.168.X.10:143 | + | #iptables -t nat -A PREROUTING -i eth1 --destination 172.16.1.X -p tcp --dport 465 -j DNAT --to-destination 192.168.X.10:465 |
| + | #iptables -t nat -A PREROUTING -i eth1 --destination 172.16.1.X -p tcp --dport 587 -j DNAT --to-destination 192.168.X.10:587 | ||
| + | #iptables -t nat -A PREROUTING -i eth1 --destination 172.16.1.X -p tcp --dport 143 -j DNAT --to-destination 192.168.X.10:143 | ||
| + | #iptables -t nat -A PREROUTING -i eth1 --destination 172.16.1.X -p tcp --dport 80 -j DNAT --to-destination 192.168.X.10:80 | ||
| + | #iptables -t nat -A PREROUTING -i eth1 --destination 172.16.1.X -p tcp --dport 5222 -j DNAT --to-destination 192.168.X.10:5222 | ||
| - | #iptables -t nat -A PREROUTING -p tcp -s 192.168.100+X.0/24 --dport 80 -j REDIRECT --to-port 3128 | ||
| #iptables -t nat -A PREROUTING -i eth1 --destination 172.16.1.X -p udp --dport 5060 -j DNAT --to-destination 192.168.X.10:5060 | #iptables -t nat -A PREROUTING -i eth1 --destination 172.16.1.X -p udp --dport 5060 -j DNAT --to-destination 192.168.X.10:5060 | ||
| + | #iptables -t nat -A PREROUTING -i eth1 --destination 172.16.1.X -p tcp --dport 5061 -j DNAT --to-destination 192.168.X.10:5061 | ||
| #iptables -t nat -A PREROUTING -i eth1 --destination 172.16.1.X -p udp -m multiport --dport 10000:20000 -j DNAT --to-destination 192.168.X.10 | #iptables -t nat -A PREROUTING -i eth1 --destination 172.16.1.X -p udp -m multiport --dport 10000:20000 -j DNAT --to-destination 192.168.X.10 | ||
| #iptables -t nat -A PREROUTING -i eth1 --destination 172.16.1.X -p udp --dport 4569 -j DNAT --to-destination 192.168.X.10:4569 | #iptables -t nat -A PREROUTING -i eth1 --destination 172.16.1.X -p udp --dport 4569 -j DNAT --to-destination 192.168.X.10:4569 | ||
| Line 151: | Line 176: | ||
| [gate:/etc] # /etc/rc.d/pf reload | [gate:/etc] # /etc/rc.d/pf reload | ||
| </code> | </code> | ||
| + | |||
| + | ===== Поддержка протоколов приложений ===== | ||
| + | |||
| + | ==== tftp ==== | ||
| + | |||
| + | * [[https://unix.stackexchange.com/questions/579508/iptables-rules-to-forward-tftp-via-nat|iptables rules to forward tftp via NAT]] | ||
| + | |||
| ===== Мониторинг соединений ===== | ===== Мониторинг соединений ===== | ||
| Line 175: | Line 207: | ||
| [gate:~] # pfctl -F state | [gate:~] # pfctl -F state | ||
| </code> | </code> | ||
| + | |||
| + | |||
| + | |||
| ===== Дополнительные материалы ===== | ===== Дополнительные материалы ===== | ||
сервис_nat.txt · Last modified: 2024/05/06 16:17 by val
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