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--- сервис_zabbix [2022/12/26 06:05]
val [Low-Level Discovery (LLD)]
+++ сервис_zabbix [2025/06/16 13:48] (current)
val [Low-Level Discovery (LLD)]
@@ Line 7: / Line 7: @@
 ===== Установка и запуск сервера =====
+  * [[https://www.zabbix.com/release_notes|Release Notes for Zabbix]]
 ==== Установка SQL сервера ====
@@ Line 26: / Line 27: @@
 # less /usr/share/doc/zabbix-server-mysql/README.Debian
-</code>
-  * В Debian10 потребуется [[Сервис MySQL#Управление параметрами сервера]] MySQL innodb_strict_mode=OFF
-<code>
 # cat zabbix.sql
 </code><code>
 #drop database zabbix;
 create database zabbix character set utf8 collate utf8_bin;
-grant all privileges on zabbix.* to zabbix@localhost identified by 'zabbix';
+#debian11
+#grant all privileges on zabbix.* to zabbix@localhost identified by 'zabbix';
+#ubuntu20
+#create  USER zabbix@localhost identified by 'zabbix';
+#grant all privileges on zabbix.* to zabbix@localhost;
 </code><code>
 # mysql < zabbix.sql
@@ Line 41: / Line 44: @@
 # zcat /usr/share/zabbix-server-mysql/{schema,images,data}.sql.gz | mysql -uzabbix -pzabbix zabbix
-# cat /etc/zabbix/zabbix_server.conf
+# cat /etc/zabbix/zabbix_server.conf.d/corpX.conf
 </code><code>
-...
 DBHost=localhost
 DBName=zabbix
@@ Line 149: / Line 151: @@
 # cat /etc/zabbix/zabbix_proxy.conf
 </code><code>
-...
+#...
 Hostname=gate
-ConfigFrequency=60
+#v6
+#ConfigFrequency=60
+#v7
+#ProxyConfigFrequency=60
 Server=server
 DBName=/var/lib/zabbix/zabbix.db
@@ Line 200: / Line 207: @@
 ===== Обновление Zabbix =====
-  * [[https://www.zabbix.com/documentation/current/manual/installation/upgrade/packages/debian_ubuntu#Steps required for a successful upgrade Zabbix]]
+  * [[https://www.zabbix.com/documentation/current/en/manual/installation/upgrade|Zabbix Documentation Upgrade procedure]] см. log_bin_trust_function_creators
-  * [[https://www.zabbix.com/documentation/current/ru/manual/installation/upgrade/packages/debian_ubuntu#Обновление с Zabbix]]
+  * [[https://www.zabbix.com/documentation/current/en/manual/installation/upgrade/packages/debian_ubuntu|upgrade packages Debian/Ubuntu]] и !!![[https://www.zabbix.com/documentation/current/en/manual/installation/upgrade_notes_700|Upgrade notes for 7.0.0]]
+  * [[https://bestmonitoringtools.com/upgrade-zabbix-to-the-latest-version/|Upgrade Zabbix (5.0, 5.2, 5.4) to 6.0 like a Pro (+6.0 to 6.4 guide)]]
 ===== Настройка мониторинга =====
-  * !!! однажды Setup заработал только в chrome !!!
+  * !!! Однажды Setup не заработал в firefox !!!
   * [[https://www.zabbix.com/documentation/current/ru/manual/quickstart|Zabbix Documentation. Быстрый старт]]
   * Login: Admin; Pass: zabbix
@@ Line 221: / Line 231: @@
 === Настройка подсистемы Email ===
 <code>
-Administration->Media types->Email
+Administration/Alerts->Media types->Email
   SMTP server: server.corpX.un
   SMTP helo: server.corpX.un
   SMTP email: zabbix@corpX.un
-Administration->Users->student->Media
+Administration/Users->Users->student->Media
   Type: Email
   Send to: student@corpX.un
@@ Line 232: / Line 242: @@
 === Настройка уведомлений о срабатывании триггеров ===
 <code>
-Configuration->Actions->Event source: Triggers
+Configuration/Alerts->Actions->Event source: Triggers
   Report problems to Zabbix administrators->Enable
   ...
@@ Line 614: / Line 624: @@
 </code><code>
 #!/bin/sh
+### iperf ###
+MY_RES=$(iperf -c gate.isp.un -t 5 -R -f b -y c)
+MY_DOWNLOAD=$(echo $MY_RES | cut -d',' -f9)
+MY_RES=$(iperf -c gate.isp.un -t 5 -f b -y c)
+MY_UPLOAD=$(echo $MY_RES | cut -d',' -f9)
 ### speedtest-cli ### result bits/s
-MY_RES=`speedtest-cli --csv`
+#MY_RES=`speedtest-cli --csv`
-MY_DOWNLOAD=`echo $MY_RES | cut -d',' -f7`
+#MY_DOWNLOAD=`echo $MY_RES | cut -d',' -f7`
-MY_UPLOAD=`echo $MY_RES | cut -d',' -f8`
+#MY_UPLOAD=`echo $MY_RES | cut -d',' -f8`
 ### speedtest ### result Bytes/s (use preprocess Custom multiplier)
 #MY_RES=`speedtest -f csv`
 #MY_DOWNLOAD=`echo $MY_RES | cut -d',' -f6`
-#Y_UPLOAD=`echo $MY_RES | cut -d',' -f7`
+#MY_UPLOAD=`echo $MY_RES | cut -d',' -f7`
 zabbix_sender -z 127.0.0.1 -p 10051 -s server.corpX.un -k speedtest.download -o $MY_DOWNLOAD
@@ Line 687: / Line 703: @@
   * [[https://www.zabbix.com/documentation/4.0/ru/manual/web_monitoring/example|Сценарий из реальной жизни]]
+  * [[https://stackoverflow.com/questions/58641673/zabbix-web-scenario-debug|Zabbix web scenario debug]]
 === Исследование приложения ===
@@ Line 752: / Line 769: @@
     {token1} regex:name="_token" value="(.{32})"
-  Required string: Roundcube Webmail
+  Required string: rcmloginsubmit
   Required status codes: 200
@@ Line 782: / Line 799: @@
     _token: {token2}
-  Required string: Roundcube Webmail
+  Required string: rcmloginsubmit
   Required status codes: 200
 </code>
 ==== Настройка триггеров ====
+  * [[https://www.zabbix.com/documentation/current/en/manual/config/triggers/trigger|Configuring a trigger]]
 === Примеры простых целочисленных триггеров ===
+  * https://www.zabbix.com/documentation/7.0/ru/manual/config/triggers/expression
 <code>
 Host: server.corpX.un
@@ Line 803: / Line 825: @@
 Host: ya.ru
     Name: HTTPS service on {HOST.NAME} is not available
-    Expression: {ya.ru:net.tcp.service.perf[https].last(#2)}=0
+    Expression: {ya.ru:net.tcp.service.perf[https].max(#2)}=0
-    Expression: last(/ya.ru/net.tcp.service.perf[https],#2)=0
+    Expression: max(/ya.ru/net.tcp.service.perf[https],#2)=0
     Dependencies: Zabbix server: gate.isp.un is unreachable
@@ Line 827: / Line 849: @@
 === Пример с макросами и Recovery expression ===
+!!! Добавить в поле "Operational data" информацию о текущем и максимальном количестве адресов
 <code>
     Name: On {HOST.NAME} dhcp subnet is full
@@ Line 918: / Line 943: @@
 # apt install zabbix-get
-$ zabbix_get -s IP/DNSNAME -p 10050 -k agent.version
+$ zabbix_get -s IP/DNSNAME -k agent.version #-p 10050
 </code>
@@ Line 959: / Line 984: @@
 <code>
-Configuration - Actions - Auto registration
+Alerts|Configuration - Actions - Auto registration
-  Name: Add Windows clients                                      # or Add Linux clients
+  Name: Add Windows clients                                          # or Add Linux clients
-  Conditions: Host name contains CLIENT                          # or client (lowercase) for linux
+  Conditions: Host name contains CLIENT                              # or client (lowercase) for linux
-  Action operations: Add to host groups: Windows clients         # or Linux client
+  Action operations:
-  Link to templates: Windows by Zabbix agent active              # or Linux by Zabbix agent active
+    Add to host groups: Windows clients                              # or Linux clients
+    Link to templates: Windows by Zabbix agent active                # or Linux by Zabbix agent active
                      Template OS Windows list installed soft Active  # work in linux too))
   Set host inventory mode: Automatic
@@ Line 977: / Line 1003: @@
 ServerActive=server
 #Hostname=CLIENTN
+</code>
+<code>
+/var/log/cisco_routers.log:
+Jun 10 15:06:23 192.168.32.224 4278: Jun 10 15:06:22: %IP-4-DUPADDR: Duplicate address 192.168.0.254 on Port-channel6.664, sourced by 30de.4bf5.e9cc
+Jun 10 16:25:07 192.168.32.224 4308: Jun 10 16:25:06: %SYS-5-CONFIG_I: Configured from console by val on vty0 (192.168.32.6)
+last(/helper.bmstu.ru/log[/var/log/cisco_routers.log,Duplicate address])<>0
 </code>
@@ Line 1000: / Line 1032: @@
 </code><code>
 UserParameter=listinstalledsoft,ls /usr/share/applications | awk -F '.desktop' ' { print $1}' -
+# UserParameter=listinstalledsoft,ls /usr/share/applications /usr/local/share/applications | awk -F '.desktop' ' { print $1}' -
 </code>
@@ Line 1039: / Line 1072: @@
 === Автоматическое добавление ===
-  * [[https://www.zabbix.com/documentation/3.0/manual/discovery/network_discovery/rule|Configuring a network discovery rule]]
+  * [[https://www.zabbix.com/documentation/current/en/manual/discovery/network_discovery|Network discovery]] см. Discovery status
 <code>
-Configuration->Discovery
+Data collection/Configuration->Discovery
 Discovery rules
-  Name: Local network
+  Name: Local network    или    Cisco Router Discovery
   IP range: 172.16.1.190-199, 192.168.X.51-60
   Checks:
@@ Line 1055: / Line 1090: @@
   Update interval: 3m
-  Host name: SNMPv2 agent ...
+  Host name: SNMPv2 agent ...            !!! Остальные варианты требуют PTR записи
   Enabled: yes
-Configuration->Actions
+Alert/Configuration->Actions
   Event source: Discovery
-    Name: Action add snmp device to zabbix
+    Name: Action add Cisco device to zabbix
     Conditions:
       Received value: like или contains router
@@ Line 1073: / Line 1108: @@
 .XX Template Module Interfaces Simple SNMPv2
 .XX Template Net Cisco IOS SNMP       !!! Уменьшить период Network interfaces discovery !!!
-.XX Cisco IOS by SNMP
+.XX 7.XX Cisco IOS by SNMP
       Set host inventory mode: Automatic
     Add
@@ Line 1143: / Line 1178: @@
 Configuration
   Templates
-    Template App SSH Service/SSH Service
+    SSH Service
   Full Clone
-    Template App SSH Port Service/SSH Port Service
+    SSH Port Service
   Add
   Templates
-    Template App SSH Port Service/SSH Port Service
+    Name: SSH Port Service
+      Template groups: Templates/Applications
       Items
-        SSH service is running
+        Name: SSH service is running
-          Key: net.tcp.service[ssh,,{$SSH_PORT}]
+        Key: net.tcp.service[ssh,,{$SSH_PORT}]
-          Update interval: 30s
+        Update interval: 30s
+      Triggers
+        Name: SSH service is down on {HOST.NAME}
+        Severity: Average
+        Expression: max(/SSH Port Service/net.tcp.service[ssh,,{$SSH_PORT}],#3)=0
       Macros
         {$SSH_PORT}=22
@@ Line 1227: / Line 1267: @@
   * Пример разработки собственного скрипта для LLD
+  * Сервис DHCP [[Сервис DHCP#Статистика DHCP сервера]]
   * [[Обработка XML файлов]]
+  * [[https://stackoverflow.com/questions/12524437/output-json-from-bash-script|Output JSON from Bash script]]
+  * Язык программирования Python [[Язык программирования Python#Zabbix LLD приложение]]
 <code>
@@ Line 1234: / Line 1279: @@
 #!/bin/bash
-echo -n '{"data":['
+echo -n '['
 str=`/usr/bin/dhcpd-pools -c /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf -f x | \
@@ Line 1242: / Line 1287: @@
 echo -n ${str::-1}
-echo -n ']}'
+echo -n ']'
 </code><code>
 gate# /etc/zabbix/dhcp-pools-discovery.sh | jq
@@ Line 1331: / Line 1376: @@
 ===== API =====
+  * [[https://www.zabbix.com/documentation/current/en/manual/api]]
   * [[Формат JSON]]
   * [[https://www.zabbix.com/documentation/1.8/ru/api/getting_started|Zabbix Documentation Начало работы с Zabbix API]]
@@ Line 1337: / Line 1383: @@
   * [[https://www.zabbix.com/forum/zabbix-troubleshooting-and-problems/36900-api-key-lifetime|api key lifetime]]
+  * Для и до 6-й версии "user": "Admin",
 <code>
 server:~# apt install curl
@@ Line 1346: / Line 1392: @@
    "method": "user.login",
    "params": {
-      "user": "Admin",
+      "username": "Admin",
       "password": "zabbix"
    },
@@ Line 1364: / Line 1410: @@
   * Получение списка узлов и шаблонов из Zabbix
+До 7-й версии, включительно
 <code>
 server:~# curl -s -k -X POST -H 'Content-Type: application/json-rpc' -d '
@@ Line 1375: / Line 1422: @@
 ...
 </code>
+От 7-й и старше
 <code>
-...
+curl -s -k -X POST -H 'Content-Type: application/json-rpc' -H 'Authorization: Bearer xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx' -d '{
-    "method": "template.get",
+    "jsonrpc": "2.0",
-...
+    "method": "host.get",
+    "params": {},
+    "id": 2
+}' http://127.0.0.1/zabbix/api_jsonrpc.php | jq
 </code>
@@ Line 1460: / Line 1511: @@
 </code>
 ==== Пример изменения конфигурации через Zabbix API ====
+  * Язык программирования Python [[Язык программирования Python#Zabbix API приложение]]
 <code>
 server.corp1.un:~# cat /root/zab_set_map_name.sh
@@ Line 1480: / Line 1534: @@
 } " http://127.0.0.1/zabbix/api_jsonrpc.php
 </code><code>
-server.corp1.un:~# /root/zab_set_map_name.sh 2 "ISP1"
+server.corp1.un:~# /root/zab_set_map_name.sh 2 "ISP 1"
 </code>

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