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debian# apt install iputils-ping $ ping -f gate.isp.un $ ping -i 0.1 gate.isp.un $ ping -c 1 -D -s 1472 ya.ru
freebsd_sh$ ip=172.16.1.123; ping -c 1 -W 500 $ip >/dev/null ; arp -an | grep $ip linux$ ip=172.16.1.254; ping -c 1 -W 1 $ip >/dev/null ; ip n | grep $ip
linux# tcpdump -i any -n tcpdump -vn tcpdump -i em0 -n -s0 -A "port 21 and host 172.16.1.X" tcpdump -nei em0 ether src 00:0c:29:c5:07:8f tcpdump -w file.dump -s0 "port 21 and host 172.16.1.X" tcpdump -n -r file.dump -s0 -A tcpdump -n ip and 'ip[8]=127' # ttl
traceroute -n ya.ru tracepath -n ya.ru