Методические материалы Лохтурова Вячеслава

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====== Авторизация с использованием LDAP сервера ======

===== Установка LDAP клиента =====

  * !!! Не требуется для nss_ldap, удобен для отладки

==== Debian/Ubuntu ====

<code>
root@gate:~# apt install ldap-utils
</code>

==== FreeBSD ====
<code>
[gate:~] # pkg install openldap-client
</code>

===== Тестирование доступности каталога с клиентов =====

==== OpenLDAP ====
<code>
gate# ldapsearch -x -b"dc=corpX,dc=un" -H ldap://server "uid=user1"
</code>

==== Microsoft Active Directory ====

  * Права на чтение атрибутов LDAP ([[http://support.microsoft.com/kb/976063]])
  * [[https://ldap.com/dns-srv-records-for-ldap/|DNS SRV Records for LDAP]]

<code>
gate# ldapsearch -x -D "cn=Administrator,cn=Users,dc=corpX,dc=un" -W -H ldap://server -b "dc=corpX,dc=un" "sAMAccountName=user1"

или через ldaps:

gate# LDAPTLS_REQCERT=never ldapsearch -x -D "cn=Administrator,cn=Users,dc=corpX,dc=un" -w 'Pa$$w0rd' -H ldaps://server.corpX.un -b "dc=corpX,dc=un" "sAMAccountName=user1"

или с Kerberos GSSAPI аутентификацией

gate# apt install libsasl2-modules-gssapi-mit
gate# kinit Administrator
gate# ldapsearch -h server -b "dc=corpX,dc=un" "sAMAccountName=user1"
</code><code>
...
msSFU30NisDomain: corpX
uidNumber: 10001
gidNumber: 10001
unixHomeDirectory: /home/user1
loginShell: /bin/sh
...
</code><code>
# ldapsearch -x -D "cn=Administrator,cn=Users,dc=corpX,dc=un" -W -H ldap://server -b "dc=corpX,dc=un" "sAMAccountName=guser1"
</code><code>
...
msSFU30NisDomain: corpX
gidNumber: 10001
...
</code>
===== Установка библиотеки nss ldap =====

==== Debian/Ubuntu ====
<code>
root@gate:~# DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive apt install libnss-ldap
</code><code>
...
Ответы по умолчанию, все равно все сотрем;)
...
</code><code>
ubuntu# cat /etc/ldap.conf

debian# cat /etc/libnss-ldap.conf
</code>

==== FreeBSD ====
<code>
[gate:~] # pkg install nss_ldap

[gate:~] # cat /usr/local/etc/nss_ldap.conf
</code>

===== Настройка библиотеки nss ldap =====

==== OpenLDAP ====
<code>
uri ldap://server
base dc=corpX,dc=un
nss_base_passwd ou=People,
nss_base_group ou=Group,
</code>

==== Microsoft Active Directory ====

Настройка Active Directory сервера ([[Сервис NIS]])

=== 2003 ===

<code>
host server
base dc=corpX,dc=un
binddn cn=user1,cn=Users,dc=corpX,dc=un
bindpw Pa$$w0rd1
scope sub
nss_base_passwd         cn=Users,dc=corpX,dc=un?one
nss_base_group          cn=Users,dc=corpX,dc=un?one
nss_map_objectClass posixAccount User
nss_map_attribute uid msSFU30Name
nss_map_attribute uniqueMember msSFU30PosixMember
nss_map_attribute homeDirectory msSFU30HomeDirectory
nss_map_objectClass posixGroup Group
nss_map_attribute gidNumber msSFU30GidNumber
nss_map_attribute uidNumber msSFU30UidNumber
nss_map_attribute loginShell msSFU30LoginShell
</code>

=== 2008 ===

<code>
host server

base dc=corpX,dc=un
binddn cn=Administrator,cn=Users,dc=corpX,dc=un
bindpw Pa$$w0rd
scope sub
nss_base_passwd         cn=Users,dc=corpX,dc=un?one
nss_base_group          cn=Users,dc=corpX,dc=un?one
nss_map_objectClass posixAccount User
nss_map_objectClass posixGroup Group
nss_map_attribute uid msSFU30Name
nss_map_attribute uniqueMember msSFU30PosixMemberOf
nss_map_attribute homeDirectory unixHomeDirectory
</code>

=== 2016/Samba4 ===
<code>
host server

# uri ldaps://server.corpX.un/
# tls_checkpeer no

base dc=corpX,dc=un
binddn cn=Administrator,cn=Users,dc=corpX,dc=un
bindpw Pa$$w0rd
scope sub
nss_base_passwd         cn=Users,dc=corpX,dc=un?one
nss_base_group          cn=Users,dc=corpX,dc=un?one
nss_map_objectClass posixAccount User
nss_map_objectClass posixGroup Group
nss_map_attribute uid SamAccountName
nss_map_attribute homeDirectory unixHomeDirectory
</code>


===== Настройка библиотеки nsswitch =====
<code>
root@gate:~# cat /etc/nsswitch.conf
</code><code>
...
passwd:         files systemd ldap
group:          files systemd ldap
shadow:         files ldap
...
</code><code>
debian# service nscd restart && service nscd reload

# getent passwd user1

# id user1
</code>

===== Установка сертификатов =====

  * [[Пакет OpenSSL#Импорт сертификата центра сертификации]]

<code>
# export LDAPTLS_REQCERT=never
</code>

===== Дополнительные материалы =====

==== Изменения в Debian 12 ====
<code>
debian12# apt install libnss-ldapd

debian12# grep "^[^#]"  /etc/nslcd.conf
uid nslcd
gid nslcd
uri ldap://server/
base dc=corp20,dc=un
tls_cacertfile /etc/ssl/certs/ca-certificates.crt

service nslcd restart

gate# chown -R user1:user1 /home/user1
gate# chown -R user2:user2 /home/user2
</code>
Методические материалы Лохтурова Вячеслава

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