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| - | ====== Сборка ядра ====== | ||
| - | ===== Причины требующие сборки нового ядра ===== | ||
| - | |||
| - | * изменение функциональности ядра | ||
| - | * наложение заплаток безопасности на ядро | ||
| - | * уменьшение размера ядра | ||
| - | * повышение производительности | ||
| - | |||
| - | ===== Бекап старого ядра ===== | ||
| - | <code> | ||
| - | [gX:~] # cd /boot | ||
| - | [gX:/boot] # cp -r kernel/ kernel.generic/ | ||
| - | </code> | ||
| - | |||
| - | ===== Сбор седений об оборудовании ===== | ||
| - | <code> | ||
| - | [gX:~] # dmesg | ||
| - | [gX:~] # pciconf -lv | ||
| - | </code> | ||
| - | |||
| - | ===== Установка исходных текстов ядра ===== | ||
| - | <code> | ||
| - | [gX:~] # mkdir /usr/src | ||
| - | [gX:~] # mount /cdrom | ||
| - | [gX:~] # cd /cdrom/X-RELEASE/src/ | ||
| - | [gX:/cdrom/X-RELEASE/src] # ./install.sh base sys | ||
| - | Extracting sources into /usr/src... | ||
| - | Extracting source component: base | ||
| - | Extracting source component: sys | ||
| - | Done extracting sources. | ||
| - | |||
| - | [gX:/cdrom/X-RELEASE/src] # cd | ||
| - | [gX:~] # umount /cdrom/ | ||
| - | </code> | ||
| - | |||
| - | ===== Обновление исходных текстов ядра ===== | ||
| - | <code> | ||
| - | [gX:~] # freebsd-update fetch | ||
| - | [gX:~] # freebsd-update install | ||
| - | </code> | ||
| - | ===== Создание файла конфигурации ядра ===== | ||
| - | Задача - уменьшенить размер ядра | ||
| - | <code> | ||
| - | [gX:~] # cd /usr/src/sys/i386/conf/ | ||
| - | |||
| - | [gX:sys/i386/conf] # cp GENERIC KERN | ||
| - | |||
| - | [gX:sys/i386/conf] # ee KERN | ||
| - | |||
| - | [gX:sys/i386/conf] # sed -E '/#.*device/d' KERN | ||
| - | # cpu I486_CPU | ||
| - | # cpu I586_CPU | ||
| - | cpu I686_CPU | ||
| - | ident KERN | ||
| - | |||
| - | makeoptions DEBUG=-g # Build kernel with gdb(1) debug symbols | ||
| - | |||
| - | options SCHED_ULE # ULE scheduler | ||
| - | options PREEMPTION # Enable kernel thread preemption | ||
| - | options INET # InterNETworking | ||
| - | # options INET6 # IPv6 communications protocols | ||
| - | options SCTP # Stream Control Transmission Protocol | ||
| - | options FFS # Berkeley Fast Filesystem | ||
| - | options SOFTUPDATES # Enable FFS soft updates support | ||
| - | options UFS_ACL # Support for access control lists | ||
| - | options UFS_DIRHASH # Improve performance on big directories | ||
| - | options UFS_GJOURNAL # Enable gjournal-based UFS journaling | ||
| - | options NFSCLIENT # Network Filesystem Client | ||
| - | options NFSSERVER # Network Filesystem Server | ||
| - | options NFSLOCKD # Network Lock Manager | ||
| - | options NFS_ROOT # NFS usable as /, requires NFSCLIENT | ||
| - | options MSDOSFS # MSDOS Filesystem | ||
| - | options CD9660 # ISO 9660 Filesystem | ||
| - | options PROCFS # Process filesystem (requires PSEUDOFS) | ||
| - | options PSEUDOFS # Pseudo-filesystem framework | ||
| - | options GEOM_PART_GPT # GUID Partition Tables. | ||
| - | options GEOM_LABEL # Provides labelization | ||
| - | options COMPAT_43TTY # BSD 4.3 TTY compat [KEEP THIS!] | ||
| - | options COMPAT_FREEBSD4 # Compatible with FreeBSD4 | ||
| - | options COMPAT_FREEBSD5 # Compatible with FreeBSD5 | ||
| - | options COMPAT_FREEBSD6 # Compatible with FreeBSD6 | ||
| - | options SCSI_DELAY=5000 # Delay (in ms) before probing SCSI | ||
| - | options KTRACE # ktrace(1) support | ||
| - | options STACK # stack(9) support | ||
| - | options SYSVSHM # SYSV-style shared memory | ||
| - | options SYSVMSG # SYSV-style message queues | ||
| - | options SYSVSEM # SYSV-style semaphores | ||
| - | options _KPOSIX_PRIORITY_SCHEDULING # POSIX P1003_1B real-time extensions | ||
| - | options KBD_INSTALL_CDEV # install a CDEV entry in /dev | ||
| - | options ADAPTIVE_GIANT # Giant mutex is adaptive. | ||
| - | options STOP_NMI # Stop CPUS using NMI instead of IPI | ||
| - | options AUDIT # Security event auditing | ||
| - | #options KDTRACE_HOOKS # Kernel DTrace hooks | ||
| - | |||
| - | # To make an SMP kernel, the next two lines are needed | ||
| - | options SMP # Symmetric MultiProcessor Kernel | ||
| - | device apic # I/O APIC | ||
| - | |||
| - | # CPU frequency control | ||
| - | device cpufreq | ||
| - | |||
| - | # Bus support. | ||
| - | device pci | ||
| - | |||
| - | # Floppy drives | ||
| - | device fdc | ||
| - | |||
| - | device ata | ||
| - | device atadisk # ATA disk drives | ||
| - | device atapicd # ATAPI CDROM drives | ||
| - | device atapist # ATAPI tape drives | ||
| - | |||
| - | # SCSI Controllers | ||
| - | # options AHC_REG_PRETTY_PRINT # Print register bitfields in debug | ||
| - | # output. Adds ~128k to driver. | ||
| - | # options AHD_REG_PRETTY_PRINT # Print register bitfields in debug | ||
| - | # output. Adds ~215k to driver. | ||
| - | |||
| - | # SCSI peripherals | ||
| - | device scbus # SCSI bus (required for SCSI) | ||
| - | device da # Direct Access (disks) | ||
| - | |||
| - | # RAID controllers interfaced to the SCSI subsystem | ||
| - | |||
| - | # RAID controllers | ||
| - | |||
| - | # atkbdc0 controls both the keyboard and the PS/2 mouse | ||
| - | device atkbdc # AT keyboard controller | ||
| - | device atkbd # AT keyboard | ||
| - | device psm # PS/2 mouse | ||
| - | |||
| - | device kbdmux # keyboard multiplexer | ||
| - | |||
| - | device vga # VGA video card driver | ||
| - | |||
| - | device splash # Splash screen and screen saver support | ||
| - | |||
| - | # syscons is the default console driver, resembling an SCO console | ||
| - | device sc | ||
| - | |||
| - | device agp # support several AGP chipsets | ||
| - | |||
| - | # Power management support (see NOTES for more options) | ||
| - | # Add suspend/resume support for the i8254. | ||
| - | device pmtimer | ||
| - | |||
| - | # PCCARD (PCMCIA) support | ||
| - | # PCMCIA and cardbus bridge support | ||
| - | |||
| - | # Serial (COM) ports | ||
| - | device sio # 8250, 16[45]50 based serial ports | ||
| - | device uart # Generic UART driver | ||
| - | |||
| - | # Parallel port | ||
| - | device ppc | ||
| - | device ppbus # Parallel port bus (required) | ||
| - | device lpt # Printer | ||
| - | |||
| - | # If you've got a "dumb" serial or parallel PCI card that is | ||
| - | # supported by the puc(4) glue driver, uncomment the following | ||
| - | # line to enable it (connects to sio, uart and/or ppc drivers): | ||
| - | |||
| - | # PCI Ethernet NICs. | ||
| - | |||
| - | # PCI Ethernet NICs that use the common MII bus controller code. | ||
| - | device miibus # MII bus support | ||
| - | device fxp # Intel EtherExpress PRO/100B (82557, 82558) | ||
| - | |||
| - | # ISA Ethernet NICs. pccard NICs included. | ||
| - | |||
| - | # Wireless NIC cards | ||
| - | |||
| - | device loop # Network loopback | ||
| - | device ether # Ethernet support | ||
| - | device ppp # Kernel PPP | ||
| - | device tun # Packet tunnel. | ||
| - | device pty # Pseudo-ttys (telnet etc) | ||
| - | device md # Memory "disks" | ||
| - | device gif # IPv6 and IPv4 tunneling | ||
| - | device firmware # firmware assist module | ||
| - | |||
| - | # Be aware of the administrative consequences of enabling this! | ||
| - | # Note that 'bpf' is required for DHCP. | ||
| - | device bpf # Berkeley packet filter | ||
| - | |||
| - | # USB support | ||
| - | device uhci # UHCI PCI->USB interface | ||
| - | device ohci # OHCI PCI->USB interface | ||
| - | device ehci # EHCI PCI->USB interface (USB 2.0) | ||
| - | device usb # USB Bus (required) | ||
| - | device ugen # Generic | ||
| - | device ukbd # Keyboard | ||
| - | device umass # Disks/Mass storage - Requires scbus and da | ||
| - | device ums # Mouse | ||
| - | # USB Ethernet, requires miibus | ||
| - | |||
| - | # FireWire support | ||
| - | </code> | ||
| - | |||
| - | ===== Компиляция и инсталяция ядра ===== | ||
| - | <code> | ||
| - | [gX:sys/i386/conf] # cd /usr/src | ||
| - | [gX:/usr/src] # make buildkernel KERNCONF=KERN | ||
| - | [gX:/usr/src] # make installkernel KERNCONF=KERN | ||
| - | |||
| - | [gX:/usr/src] # shutdown –r now | ||
| - | |||
| - | [gX:~] # uname –a | ||
| - | </code> | ||
| - | |||
| - | ===== Загрузка старого ядра ===== | ||
| - | |||
| - | В меню Loader выбираем пункт 6 | ||
| - | <code> | ||
| - | OK unload kernel | ||
| - | |||
| - | OK load /boot/kernel.generic/kernel | ||
| - | или | ||
| - | OK load /boot/kernel.old/kernel | ||
| - | |||
| - | OK boot | ||
| - | </code> | ||
сборка_ядра.1236752969.txt.gz · Last modified: 2013/05/22 13:50 (external edit)
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